ResponseScan: Quick Screening of Response Patterns in Test and Survey Items
One call screens the item responses of a test or questionnaire
for patterns that deserve a closer look before modelling: flat or
long-string responding, low intra-individual variability, multivariate
outliers, incoherent psychometric synonyms or even-odd halves, overuse of
the midpoint or of the extremes, duplicated response vectors and
identical patterns that arrive in series of consecutive submissions.
Indices follow Curran (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2015.07.006>; person fit
in item response theory (the standardized log-likelihood) is optional,
and cut-offs can be taken from a reference group. Results are returned
per person, with flags, frequency tables of response patterns and plots.
Whole batches of data (a second collection phase, one classroom) can be
compared with a reference group: the item correlation structure, with
permutation tests that leave out flat responders and match the response
level, and the Jennrich (1970) <doi:10.1080/01621459.1970.10481133> test;
the similarity of consecutive rows; and near-duplicate respondents.
Flagged respondents can be removed in one step and the same confirmatory
or exploratory factor model can be refitted with and without them.
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